Abstract—This study focuses on the production of syngas rich in hydrogen from the gasification of municipal solid wastes, using widely available waste materials to capture CO2 emissions. The experimental set-up involved a fixed-bed reactor combined with a thermal analysis-mass spectrometry system, allowing for comprehensive evaluation of the process. Building waste materials, coal fly ashes and agricultural wastes were investigated as CO2 sorbents. Key outcomes, studied under varying operating conditions, included characterization of the feedstocks, fuel conversion, composition and energy content of product gas, yields of syngas and hydrogen and energy recovery. The results showed that without the addition of sorbents the concentration of hydrogen in the product gas was 39 mol%, while that of CO2 was 35 mol% at 750 °C. When building wastes were used as a CO2 sorbent, the hydrogen content in the resulting gas mixture peaked at 80.8 mol% and 91.1 mol% of CO2 was captured. The poorest performance was obtained in the case of olive kernel ash as a sorbent. The use of all waste materials analyzed could provide a sustainable waste management option, with both environmental and economic benefits.
Keywords—waste materials, carbon dioxide capture, steam gasification, municipal solid wastes
Cite: Despina Vamvuka, Konstantinos Kyriakidis, Spyridon Karvounis, and Antonios Stratakis, "Evaluation of Waste-Derived Materials for CO2 Capture to Enhance H2 Yield from the Gasification of Urban Wastes," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 193-200, 2026.
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