doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2025.16.6.1554
Application of Remote Sensing and GIS to Estimate Evapotranspiration of Land Cover Types in Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province
Nhi Tuyet Thi Pham
,
Au Hai Nguyen* ,
Vo Nguyen Quang Khai ,
Vy Minh Hong Tat ,
Linh Khanh Luu ,
Thien Duc Nguyen
- Department of Geospatial Information Systems and Remote Sensing, The Institute for Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Manuscript receivedMay 13, 2025
- revisedJuly 1, 2025
- acceptedJuly 25, 2025
- publishedDecember 17, 2025
Abstract
Evapotranspiration (ET) drives water loss fromland surfaces, shapes regional hydrological balance, andfundamentally contributes to global sustainable resourcemanagement. Assessing ET is crucial for coastal areas heavilyimpacted by prolonged dry seasons, climate change,overexploitation of water resources, and pressures from urbandevelopment. This study employs remote sensing andGeographic Information Systems (GIS) to evaluate ET trendsacross Ba Ria-Vung Tau, a coastal province of Vietnam, from2010 to 2020, using the Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index(S-SEBI) with Landsat imagery. The four land cover typesanalyzed were water, vegetation, bare soil, and impervioussurfaces. The results showed that different land cover types inBa Ria-Vung Tau province have revealed distinct ET patterns.Water surfaces exhibited the highest ET (15.01 ± 0.5 mm/day in2020), followed by vegetation (6–10 mm/day), while bare soil andimpervious surfaces ranged from 3–5 mm/day. In addition, landsurface temperature (LST) emerged as a key factor directlyinfluencing the amount of ET. LST rose from 27.8°C (2010) to29.3°C (2020), raising ET by 7%, reflecting climate change andland use shifts. These findings show ET’s key role in coastalwater cycles and aid sustainable management amidurbanization and warming.
Keywords
- evapotranspiration
- remote sensing
- GIS
- S-SEBI
- Landsat
- Ba Ria-Vung Tau
How to Cite
Nhi Tuyet Thi Pham, Au Hai Nguyen, Vo Nguyen Quang Khai, Vy Minh Hong Tat, Linh Khanh Luu, and Thien Duc Nguyen, "Application of Remote Sensing and GIS to Estimate Evapotranspiration of Land Cover Types in Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 452-465, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2025.16.6.1554
Copyright & License
Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).