International Journal of Environmental Science and Development

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Volume 6 Number 5 (May 2015)

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IJESD 2015 Vol.6(5): 363-368 ISSN: 2010-0264
DOI: 10.7763/IJESD.2015.V6.619

Utilization of Plastics Waste Oil as Partial Substitute for Kerosene in Pressurized Cookstoves

Harwin Saptoadi and Nosal N. Pratama
Abstract—The aims of the research are to recycle plastic wastes into combustible oil and utilize it in cookstoves. One of simple recycling methods is pyrolysis. Substantial volume of pyrolytic oil can be obtained along with ignitable gas and residual char. The composition and quality of these three products can be improved with an additional catalytic reforming process. Specifically, this research utilizes indigenous natural zeolite as catalyst, while the primary raw material is Polyethylene. Variations in the raw materials are conducted by adding smaller quantity of other plastic materials. The maximum temperature in the fixed bed pyrolyzer and the reformer are 500oC and 450oC, respectively. Nitrogen with 0.8 l/min flow rate is applied as the carrying medium. The results show that pyrolytic oil obtained from Polyethylene has good calorific values but unfortunately low yield, thus its recovered energy is modest. Unintended mixing with other kinds of plastics will coincidentally help improving the attained thermal energy. Mass conversion rate of plastics-to-oil varies between 41% and 45%. The oil is then exploited as partial substitute for kerosene used in cooking stoves. The experiments are carried out by blending 25 vol-% of pyrolytic oil with 75 vol-% of kerosene. The results show that firepower varies between 1,609 W and 1,651 W, while the boiling time is almost constant at 23 min. The thermal efficiency fluctuates, corresponding to the heat, from 47.5 % to 51.1 %, which do not differ significantly from 53.08 % when 100 % kerosene is used. It is expected that consumption of kerosene can be considerably reduced by partial substitution.

Index Terms—Cookstove, fuel substitution, kerosene, plastics waste, pyrolytic oil.

Harwin Saptoadi is with the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia (e-mail: harwins@ugm.ac.id).
Nosal N. Pratama was with the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia (e-mail: nosalpratama@yahoo.com).

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Cite:Harwin Saptoadi and Nosal N. Pratama, "Utilization of Plastics Waste Oil as Partial Substitute for Kerosene in Pressurized Cookstoves," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 363-368, 2015.