IJESD 2017 Vol.8(9): 647-652 ISSN: 2010-0264
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2017.8.9.1032
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2017.8.9.1032
Some Heavy Metals’ Concentrations in Roadside Dusts at Monte Christo, Windhoek Namibia
S. A. Onjefu, J. Abah, and B. Nambundunga
Abstract—The main objective of this study was to assess the
concentrations of some heavy metals of human health
importance in the roadside dusts across three major locations in
Monte Christo, Windhoek and compare the values with
regulatory maximum permissible limits. Eighteen (18) samples
of the roadside dusts (consisting of 6 each) were collected from
both sides of the road at Hereford street, Fuel service station,
and Traffic junction. The samples were digested using EPA
method 3050B and analyzed for the heavy metals’
concentrations using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical
Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP: Perkin Elmer Optima 7000
DV). The overall mean concentrations (mg/kg) of the heavy
metals recorded across the sampling sites follow the order:
Fe >Mn> Zn > Cu >Pb> Cr > Ni. Result of the analysis of
variance between the mean concentrations of the heavy metals
was statistically significant (Anova: single factor, p < 0.05).
Although, the present concentrations of the heavy metals were
generally lower than their health regulatory maximum
permissible limits in soils, the enrichment factors revealed
deficient to minimal (2 < EF < 5) and significant indices (5 < EF
< 20). These are related to anthropogenically induced
contaminations. There are strong positive correlations between
the mean levels of the heavy metals which suggest common
sources of anthropogenic inputs. It is therefore, recommended
that the impact of the sources of metals emission on heavy
metals’ accumulations in the area should be established with a
view to advising precautionary measures that could minimize
unintended exposure of the populace.
Index Terms—Heavy metals, roadside dusts, enrichment factor, Monte Christo.
S. A. Onjefu is with the Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 13388, Windhoek, Namibia (e-mail: sonjefu@nust.na).
J. Abah is with the Department of Mathematics, Science and Sport Education, Faculty of Education, University of Namibia, Katima Mulilo Campus, Private Bag, 1096, Katima Mulilo Namibia (e-mail: jabah@unam.na).
B. Nambundunga is with the Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 13388, Windhoek, Namibia (e-mail: bnambundunga@gmail.com).
Index Terms—Heavy metals, roadside dusts, enrichment factor, Monte Christo.
S. A. Onjefu is with the Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 13388, Windhoek, Namibia (e-mail: sonjefu@nust.na).
J. Abah is with the Department of Mathematics, Science and Sport Education, Faculty of Education, University of Namibia, Katima Mulilo Campus, Private Bag, 1096, Katima Mulilo Namibia (e-mail: jabah@unam.na).
B. Nambundunga is with the Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 13388, Windhoek, Namibia (e-mail: bnambundunga@gmail.com).
Cite: S. A. Onjefu, J. Abah, and B. Nambundunga, "Some Heavy Metals’ Concentrations in Roadside Dusts at Monte Christo, Windhoek Namibia," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 647-652, 2017.
General Information
- ISSN: 2010-0264 (Print); 2972-3698 (Online)
- Abbreviated Title: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev.
- Frequency: Bimonthly
- DOI: 10.18178/IJESD
- Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Richard Haynes
- Managing Editor: Ms. Cherry L. Chen
- Indexing: Scopus (CiteScore 2022: 1.4), Google Scholar, CNKI, ProQuest, EBSCO, etc.
- E-mail: ijesd@ejournal.net
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