IJESD 2023 Vol.14(1): 22-29 ISSN: 2010-0264
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1410
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2023.14.1.1410
Performance Evaluation of Commercial Package Systems Used in Kuwait for on-Site Treatment and Reuse of Domestic Wastewater
H. Abdullah*, A. Abusam, A. Mydlarczyk, A. Al-Dhafeeri, F. Al-Ajeel, A. Ali, M. Al-Jomaa, and R. Al-Yaseen
Abstract—Kuwait’s wastewater management scheme consists of a huge centralized sewerage system that transports all wastewater generated for treatment at central municipal plants for wastewater treatment. However, there are a few remote sites that are still not connected to the public sewerage system. In such sites, on-site systems such as conventional septic tank or package systems are commonly used. This study assessed the performance of two package systems used in Kuwait for on-site wastewater treatment and reuse. Wastewater samples were collected weekly for five months from influent and effluent streams of two package systems located at Ahmedi and Kadhmah areas of Kuwait. Comparison of the means of the laboratory results to the guidelines of Kuwait Public Authority for Environment (KEPA) indicated that the effluents of the two systems are suitable to be reused as irrigation water. However, results obtained also showed that performances of both units were highly fluctuating.
Index Terms—Wastewater, treatment, reuse, onsite systems, package systems.
H. Abdullah, A. Abusam, A. Mydlarczyk, A. Al-Dhafeeri, F. Al-Ajeel, A. Ali, M. Al-Jomaa, and R. Al-Yaseen are with the Water Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.
*Correspondence: hsafar@kisr.edu.kw
Index Terms—Wastewater, treatment, reuse, onsite systems, package systems.
H. Abdullah, A. Abusam, A. Mydlarczyk, A. Al-Dhafeeri, F. Al-Ajeel, A. Ali, M. Al-Jomaa, and R. Al-Yaseen are with the Water Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.
*Correspondence: hsafar@kisr.edu.kw
Cite: H. Abdullah*, A. Abusam, A. Mydlarczyk, A. Al-Dhafeeri, F. Al-Ajeel, A. Ali, M. Al-Jomaa, and R. Al-Yaseen, "Performance Evaluation of Commercial Package Systems Used in Kuwait for on-Site Treatment and Reuse of Domestic Wastewater," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 22-29, 2023.
Copyright © 2023 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).General Information
- ISSN: 2010-0264 (Print); 2972-3698 (Online)
- Abbreviated Title: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev.
- Frequency: Bimonthly
- DOI: 10.18178/IJESD
- Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Richard Haynes
- Managing Editor: Ms. Cherry L. Chen
- Indexing: Scopus (CiteScore 2022: 1.4), Google Scholar, CNKI, ProQuest, EBSCO, etc.
- E-mail: ijesd@ejournal.net
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