IJESD 2022 Vol.13(5): 150-157 ISSN: 2010-0264
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.5.1386
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.5.1386
Contamination Assessment by Heavy Metals of the Ykem River Sediments (Coastal Meseta, Morocco)
Mohameden Aoufa, Noureddine Chahid, Bouamar Baghdad, Saïd Chakiri, Hassan EL Hadi, and Zahry Fatiha
Abstract—The main objective of this study is to evaluate the
degree of pollution of Wadi Ykem through a geochemical study
allowing highlighting the physicochemical characteristics as
well, the evaluation and the distribution of the heavy metal
contents in the sediments. For the environmental assessment of
its sediments, a study was carried out to determine the
concentrations of major elements and trace elements (Cd, Cr,
Al, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni) during two different hydrological
seasons: in summer (June 2017) and in winter (April 2018). In
the two campaigns 20 sediment samples were collected in 10
sampling sites. The various sampling sites were distributed
upstream and downstream of the Ykem river. These metals
were analyzed at CNESTEN using the ICP MS technique. The
geo-accumulation index, the Enrichment Factor (EF) and the
Pollution Load Index (PLI) were used for the assessment of
metallic contamination of the sediments. The results of this
study show a homogeneous distribution of the contents of major
elements with a dominance of the elements SiO2 and TiO2 in the
two campaigns. High Cd contents which exceed the contents of
geochemical backgrounds. High levels of Cd, Pb and Al. And
low concentrations for (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) for the two campaigns.
The PLI variations show that all the stations have PLI values
greater than 1. The Enrichment Factor does not show
contamination at all sampling stations. The values of Igeo show
levels which vary from uncontaminated to moderately
contaminated.
Index Terms—Heavy metals, major elements, Morocco, sediment, Ykem watershed, pollution.
Mohameden Aoufa, Noureddine Chahid, and Saïd Chakiri are with the Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences of Kénitra, Ibn Tofail University, Morocco (e-mail: mouradbakkah@gmail.com, moulayracid97@mail.com, sdchakiri@gmail.com).
Bouamar Baghdad is with the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Agronomic Institute and Veterinarian Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco (e-mail: bouamar.baghdad@gmail.com).
Hassan EL Hadi is with the Geosciences and Applications Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca,Morocco (e-mail: elhadihas@gmail.com).
Zahry Fatiha is with the Elementary Analysis Laboratory, National Center for Energy, Nuclear Sciences and Techniques (CNESTEN), BP 1382 R.P. 10001 Rabat, Morocco (e-mail: fzfatihazahry2@gmail.com).
Index Terms—Heavy metals, major elements, Morocco, sediment, Ykem watershed, pollution.
Mohameden Aoufa, Noureddine Chahid, and Saïd Chakiri are with the Laboratory of Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences of Kénitra, Ibn Tofail University, Morocco (e-mail: mouradbakkah@gmail.com, moulayracid97@mail.com, sdchakiri@gmail.com).
Bouamar Baghdad is with the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Agronomic Institute and Veterinarian Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco (e-mail: bouamar.baghdad@gmail.com).
Hassan EL Hadi is with the Geosciences and Applications Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca,Morocco (e-mail: elhadihas@gmail.com).
Zahry Fatiha is with the Elementary Analysis Laboratory, National Center for Energy, Nuclear Sciences and Techniques (CNESTEN), BP 1382 R.P. 10001 Rabat, Morocco (e-mail: fzfatihazahry2@gmail.com).
Cite: Mohameden Aoufa, Noureddine Chahid, Bouamar Baghdad, Saïd Chakiri, Hassan EL Hadi, and Zahry Fatiha, "Contamination Assessment by Heavy Metals of the Ykem River Sediments (Coastal Meseta, Morocco)," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 150-157, 2022.
Copyright © 2022 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).General Information
- ISSN: 2010-0264 (Print); 2972-3698 (Online)
- Abbreviated Title: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev.
- Frequency: Bimonthly
- DOI: 10.18178/IJESD
- Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Richard Haynes
- Managing Editor: Ms. Cherry L. Chen
- Indexing: Scopus (CiteScore 2022: 1.4), Google Scholar, CNKI, ProQuest, EBSCO, etc.
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