IJESD 2020 Vol.11(7): 336-340 ISSN: 2010-0264
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2020.11.7.1272
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2020.11.7.1272
Performance of Polyglutamic Acid in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment
Man Djun Lee, Mohd Shahril Osman, and Pui San Lee
Abstract— Up until today, palm oil mill effluent (POME) considered one of the significant sources of environmental pollution. The characteristics of POME include high acidity, temperature, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), which not only contaminate the source of drinking water but also harmful to the aquatic ecosystem by creating a highly acidic environment or causing eutrophication. With increasing public awareness of environmental pollution, this creates the need to address this issue. This study addresses this issue by performing a study on the pollutant removal performance of polyglutamic acid (PGA) in palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. PGA is a non-polluting food-based water-soluble anionic and biodegradable biopolymer that are more environmentally friendly in wastewater treatment. The critical parameter to determine the effectiveness of pollutants removal are COD, color, and total suspended solids (TSS). In this aspect, a series of experiments conducted to determine the optimum working conditions of PGA in POME treatment. It found that the optimum pH and dosage of PGA in POME for COD, color, and TSS removal are at pH 3 and 800 ppm. Findings revealed with this condition; the COD removal was up to 45.16%, color removal up to 77.6%, and 100% TSS removal. Results also showed that PGA is dosage-dependent, which works well in POME under room temperature, and no pH modification is needed. The findings indicated that PGA is significant in POME treatment to contribute to achieving environmental sustainability. For future studies, PGA could be paired with other wastewater treatment methods to achieve higher pollutant removal performance.
Index Terms— Color removal, COD, TSS, polyglutamic acid, wastewater treatment.
The authors are with University College of Technology Sarawak, Malaysia (e-mail: mandjun89@gmail.com, drshahril@ucts.edu.my, sandraleepuisan@gmail.com).
Index Terms— Color removal, COD, TSS, polyglutamic acid, wastewater treatment.
The authors are with University College of Technology Sarawak, Malaysia (e-mail: mandjun89@gmail.com, drshahril@ucts.edu.my, sandraleepuisan@gmail.com).
Cite: Man Djun Lee, Mohd Shahril Osman, and Pui San Lee, " Man Djun Lee, Mohd Shahril Osman, and Pui San Lee," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 336-340, 2020.
Copyright © 2020 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).General Information
- ISSN: 2010-0264 (Print); 2972-3698 (Online)
- Abbreviated Title: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev.
- Frequency: Bimonthly
- DOI: 10.18178/IJESD
- Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Richard Haynes
- Managing Editor: Ms. Cherry L. Chen
- Indexing: Scopus (CiteScore 2022: 1.4), Google Scholar, CNKI, ProQuest, EBSCO, etc.
- E-mail: ijesd@ejournal.net
List group item headingWed
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingTues
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingMon
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingWed
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingTues
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingMon
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingWed
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingTues
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingMon
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingWed
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingTues
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
List group item headingMon
Some placeholder content in a paragraph below the heading and date.
Call for Papers
When submitting papers for potential publication in IJESD, please submit an original editable file in .doc style file. All figures, tables, and equations, etc., should be embedded into the original file.