IJESD 2019 Vol.10(12): 445-449 ISSN: 2010-0264
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2019.10.12.1214
doi: 10.18178/ijesd.2019.10.12.1214
Chemical Contamination in a Typical Independent Water Scheme (IWS) Catchment
T. Imo, P. Amosa, V. Vaurasi, and F. Latu
Abstract—Surface fresh waters including rivers, streams and lakes are a major source of drinking water and are habitats for plants and animals. Surface waters are often contaminated with chemicals such as pesticides, nutrients, heavy metals and dissolved inorganics. The sources of these chemicals include agricultural and anthropogenic activities. The occurrence of chemical contaminants in drinking water has become a problem of increasing concern. Samoa, the baseline information on the contamination problems in a typical Independent Water Scheme (IWS) catchment is very limited. Hence, this article will provide detail information on the past and current status of drinking water by chemical contaminants.
Index Terms—Catchment, drinking water, nitrate, pollutants.
T. Imo is with the National University of Samoa, Samoa (e-mail: t.imo@nus.edu.ws).
P. Amosa, V. Vaurasi, and F. Latu are with the Faculty of Science, National University of Samoa, Samoa (e-mail: v.vaurasi@nus.edu.ws).
Index Terms—Catchment, drinking water, nitrate, pollutants.
T. Imo is with the National University of Samoa, Samoa (e-mail: t.imo@nus.edu.ws).
P. Amosa, V. Vaurasi, and F. Latu are with the Faculty of Science, National University of Samoa, Samoa (e-mail: v.vaurasi@nus.edu.ws).
Cite: T. Imo, P. Amosa, V. Vaurasi, and F. Latu, "Chemical Contamination in a Typical Independent Water Scheme (IWS) Catchment," International Journal of Environmental Science and Development vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 445-449, 2019.
Copyright © 2019 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).General Information
- ISSN: 2010-0264 (Print); 2972-3698 (Online)
- Abbreviated Title: Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev.
- Frequency: Bimonthly
- DOI: 10.18178/IJESD
- Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Richard Haynes
- Managing Editor: Ms. Cherry L. Chen
- Indexing: Scopus (CiteScore 2022: 1.4), Google Scholar, CNKI, ProQuest, EBSCO, etc.
- E-mail: ijesd@ejournal.net
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